8-inch scope details
Overview
I built the whole scope except:
My aim was to make this the most convenient telescope possible for
my style of observing. As a result, I can carry the whole assembled scope outside in one trip
(including the integrated equatorial platform), remove a couple of
covers, turn on the cooling fans, collimate whilst looking into the
focuser (using the easily accessible collimation rods) and be ready
to observe. If I want to use DSCs/tracking, the controls are mounted on my stand within
easy reach. If I want to pop in a filter, that
just involves a small turn of the filter wheel. If it looks like a
dewy night, I plug in one cable which supplies power to all my
heaters. It's an extra trip for a heavy-duty battery, but that's
only necessary if I'm going to be outside for a long observing
session anyway. Everything can by powered by smaller batteries which
are usually left hooked up.
Filter Wheel
This is one of my most used accessories. A lot of people use filter
slides, but I haven't seen many examples of filter wheels for visual
use. My wheel is made of a circle cut from 4mm plywood. It has 6
holes for 1.25" filters. It's actually quite straightforward to tap
threads into plywood – I used a cheap moon filter and just screwed
it into the slightly undersized holes (done with a 1" spade bit and a
file) by force. The centre axle of the wheel is just a bolt which
goes through a bracket made from aluminium angle, and it connects to the focuser shelf via a
bolt and three set screws. The set screws allow
me to adjust the tilt of the wheel (similar to a secondary mirror holder), to ensure the filter surfaces are
perpendicular to the focuser draw tube (important since the
wavelength of interference depends on the angle of the incident
light!). A spring-loaded door catch and notches in the filter wheel
provide an index to let me know when each filter is rotated into place.
Currently I have mounted in my wheel: LP-2 (OIII+Hβ) and LP-3
(OIII) filters by Thousand Oaks Optical
and an
Antares variable polarising filter.
Dew heaters and electrical
I made heaters for my optics using nichrome wire or resistors covered
with heat shrink tubing. These connect via speaker cable to RCS jacks
in the same way as typical commercial systems. I followed Mark Kaye's
method to build the heaters. The eyepiece, quikfinder and optical
finder heaters all connect to the simple junction box shown in the
photo (left). This is just 4 RCA sockets wired in parallel. Into one of
the sockets I plug an RCA cable which carries power from my rocker
box. The rocker box contains a PWM circuit which allows me to
efficiently control the amount of power going to the heaters. A red
LED on the top of the box (with a high-valued resistor to keep the
light dim) lets me know that the heaters are on and the brightness
indicates the power level.
I also use passive methods to help control dew. The black foam on the
Rigel Quikfinder is a hood which can be opened and closed as needed. I have a foam dew
cap on my optical finder too, and try to replace the covers when not in
use.
The PWM controller, the leads to my fans and my platform controller,
etc., are all gathered together in my rocker box and are
wired in parallel to a single cigarette lighter jack. This means I can power
everything from a single 12V jump starter battery. Alternatively, most
of the devices terminate in 9V battery snaps, so PP3 batteries can be
used instead if I just want to set up quickly and don't want to carry a
12V battery around. The one exception is the dew guard on my secondary
heater (the wires are visible in the filter wheel photo above). The 9V
connector from the circuit goes to another 9V battery snap wired up to
two electrically-isolated vanes of my wire spider. These connect to a
9V battery and switch on the underside of the upper ring [the
power at the upper end of the scope varies depending on the heater
settings and the dew guard needs 9-12V].
Fans
To cool the primary mirror, the mirror box has 2 small fans at the
front to blow air across both the front and back. There are no exhaust
ports since the mirror box is fairly low profile. The bottom of the
mirror box is covered with a fine mesh to keep dirt and bugs out. The
green wires in the picture to the left run from the mirror box (where
they connect to the main power supply) to a 9V battery snap which can
be connected to the fans. The fan grills are also visible from the
inside of the box in the picture below. Incidentally, the mirror box is
covered with 2 layers of birch veneer except around the fans. This
side uses 1/64" plywood with one layer of veneer of the top. This
allows the face plate to be removed for access to the fans (note the
screws at each side).
Collimation rods and mirror cell
This photo, taken during construction, shows the insides of the mirror
box. The mirror cell is made from two lengths of aluminium
square tubing bolted together in a tee. I started following the design
of Mike
Lidner's cell. As I went along I came up with a simple method to
allow the primary to be collimated whilst looking through the focuser. I
thought of extending the collimation bolts (look at the last photo on
his page) out through the front of the mirror box. The other
difference is how the mirror is held in place. In the past, I've tried both mirror
clips in front of the mirror and silicone adhesive on the back of the
mirror, but I found this interesting method by Bob
Royce. I used three pieces of aluminium angle to make edge clips. I
drilled and filed slots in the bottom to allow them to slide back and
forth where they attach to the cell by a bolt. On the top surface of
the bottom of each
L is stuck a piece of teflon on which the mirror sits. On the top of
the L, a side clip is made from a large rubber washer, curved to the
shape of the mirror and attached to the bracket with silicone
adhesive. The mirror is not stuck to the cell, and can be
taken out in seconds by loosening the bolt to one clip, sliding the
clip outwards and lifting the mirror.
The photo to the right shows the assembled scope (right) next to a
Starmaster V8. The collimation rods can be seen. Since this picture
was taken, I've split the tubes in half and put an intermediate ring (similar to the ones visible in the V8) in
between to add extra stiffness. The V8 is a fantastic
scope and I was lucky enough to be able to borrow it whilst building my
scope. It gave me lots of ideas, and the versatility of this scope
allowed me to swap individual components between this telescope and mine. In the end, it was the view
using the fine Zambuto mirror that persuaded me to spend the money on a
premium mirror.
Spring counterweights

In order to minimise weight (to meet my goal of the scope being easily
carried around in one piece) I use two spring counterweights – one on
each side of the rocker box. These comprise bungee cords wrapped
around wooden pulleys and connected to kevlar cords which terminate in
a keyring at the end. The keyring slips over a bolt on the altitude
bearing. These photos illustrate the spring (between the box side
braces, made of paler wood) with the scope at three
different altitudes. The kevlar cord is yellow and the bungee cord
black. I still need to neatly
mount the various other wires out of the way. A couple of smaller silver pulleys guide the virtual counterweight.
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